Experts Call for Economic Empowerment and Good Governance to Ensure Peace in Africa

By Adonis Byemelwa

In a groundbreaking symposium in Dar es Salaam, Africa's foremost experts, including luminaries like Professor Eginald Mihanjo from the National Defense College (NDC) and Professor Adebayo Ulukoshi, a leading International Relations lecturer, convened on 24^th May 2024 to dissect the vital components of peace and security on the continent.

 Their discussions illuminated the intricate tapestry of peace-building efforts in Africa, setting the stage for a transformative dialogue on safeguarding the region's future.

Professor Mihanjo emphasized the intrinsic link between economic empowerment and peace, stating, "The foundation of economic stability lies in the employment opportunities available to citizens, particularly the youth post-graduation." He articulated this perspective during his presentation, underscoring the pivotal role of economic prosperity in fostering stability.

Echoing similar sentiments, Professor Ulukoshi stressed the imperative of investing in economic empowerment as a means to bolster peace and security. "Peace cannot be achieved solely through the proliferation of military forces or weaponry. It requires a holistic approach that addresses underlying socio-economic disparities," he asserted.

The symposium also delved into the recent coup attempt in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), orchestrated by Congolese rebel Christian Malanga, a naturalized US citizen.

 The audacious move on May 19, 2024, targeting the President's residence, has elicited widespread concern within the country and across the continent.

Renowned diplomat and former Tanzanian Ambassador to the US, Liberatha Mulamula, raised insightful inquiries regarding the enduring conflicts in the DRC, despite sustained efforts to pacify the region.

In response, Professor Mihanjo highlighted the role of effective leadership in sustaining peace, stating, "The dearth of effective leadership exacerbates the challenges to peace in Africa. It is undeniable that a leadership vacuum contributes significantly to the perpetuation of conflict."

Furthermore, Professor Ulukoshi underscored the importance of fostering good governance as a cornerstone of peace and security. "Effective governance structures ensure accountability and transparency, thereby mitigating the risk of political instability and conflict," he asserted.

The dialogue also addressed the pressing issue of unemployment among African youth, particularly university graduates.

Professor Adebayo Ulukoshi emphasized the urgent need to address this demographic challenge, stating, "The burgeoning number of unemployed graduates poses a significant threat to peace and security in Africa.

Without viable employment opportunities, disillusioned youth may resort to illicit activities, fueling instability." The discussions highlighted the interconnectedness of peace, economic prosperity, and effective governance in fostering stability.

However, the recent coup attempt in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), masterminded by Congolese rebel Christian Malanga, who holds US citizenship, has reignited concerns about peace and stability in Africa.

The audacious attack on May 19, 2024, targeting the President's residence, has sparked a debate on the effectiveness of security measures in the region. While the African Union has denounced the coup, critics argue that the assailants' approach lacked sophistication, given the President's infrequent presence at the targeted location.

This incident highlights the fragile peace in Africa and the need for concerted efforts to address underlying issues and safeguard democratic institutions. Africa's political instability persists amid challenges such as youth unemployment, exacerbating tensions and undermining stability.

The recent coup attempt underlines this precarious situation, reflecting broader socio-economic disparities and governance failures. High rates of youth unemployment fuel discontent and provide fertile ground for dissent and radicalization. Addressing these issues demands proactive measures, including job creation initiatives and governance reforms. As Africa grapples with these challenges, leaders must prioritize inclusive policies and youth empowerment to build a more resilient and prosperous future for all.