By Uzman Unis Bah
In a bid to address escalating tensions and conflicts in the Horn of Africa, U.S. Special Envoy for the Horn of Africa, Mike Hammer, embarks on a crucial diplomatic mission to Kampala and Addis Ababa from January 17 to 24, 2024.
Ambassador Hammer’s visit to Kampala will be marked by his participation in the 42nd Extraordinary Summit of the Inter-Governmental Authority on Development (IGAD) Assembly Heads of State and Government – the summit will primarily focus on the persistent issues between Ethiopia and Somalia, as well as concerns regarding Sudan. The United States, emphasizing its support for diplomatic initiatives, welcomes the IGAD’s efforts. Additionally, the U.S. reiterates its recognition of the Federal Republic of Somalia’s sovereignty and territorial integrity within its 1960 borders.
Regarding Sudan, Ambassador Hammer will continue advocating for ongoing regional and international efforts to resolve the conflict. In line with this commitment, he will also engage with African Union officials to align efforts on Sudan and other critical regional matters.
In discussions with Ethiopian officials, the envoy will underscore the urgent need to uphold the Cessation of Hostilities Agreement in northern Ethiopia. This involves making substantial progress on disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration, alongside advancing a victim-centered transitional justice process.
Ethiopia’s recent agreement with the breakaway region of Somaliland, granting port access in exchange for potential sovereignty recognition, has ignited tensions in the Horn of Africa. Somalia perceives it as an assault on its sovereignty. President Hassan Sheikh Mohamud has nullified the deal, emphasizing Somalia’s commitment to unity. Ethiopia’s quest for sea access, including plans for a naval base, and promises to Somaliland have regional implications, with concerns over destabilization and potential diplomatic repercussions. The complex geopolitical landscape involves influences from the UAE, Ethiopia’s partnership motives, and the impact on regional alliances.
Ambassador Hammer will also emphasize the importance of dialogue in addressing the political and security crises in the Amhara and Oromia regions of Ethiopia. He will call upon all involved parties to prioritize the protection of civilians, abstain from inflammatory rhetoric, and uphold human rights standards.
The diplomatic mission holds significance amid escalating tensions in the Horn of Africa, highlighting the U.S. commitment to fostering stability and peace in a region grappling with intricate geopolitical and humanitarian challenges.
