International Diplomatic Push to Address Sudan’s Humanitarian Crisis and Violence through Ceasefire Talks

By Uzman Unis Bah

In a joint effort to address the ongoing humanitarian crisis and violence in Sudan, the United States, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, and the Intergovernmental Authority on Development (IGAD), with the participation of the African Union, have resumed ceasefire talks between the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF) and the Rapid Support Forces (RSF). This diplomatic move comes in response to the May 11 Jeddah Declaration of Commitment to Protect the Civilians of Sudan and focuses on critical objectives that prioritize humanitarian aid, establish ceasefires, and foster confidence-building measures.

Saudi Arabia's role as the host of these talks has been pivotal, and the inclusion of IGAD, representing the African Union as a co-facilitator, underscores the international community's commitment to finding a peaceful resolution to the Sudanese conflict.

The primary purpose of these talks is to address the pressing needs of the Sudanese population, with a strong emphasis on delivering humanitarian assistance and reducing the ongoing violence. The objectives also aim to lay the foundation for a permanent cessation of hostilities. However, it is crucial to note that the current discussions will not delve into broader political issues, as the pathway to Sudan's future must be defined by its citizens. They hold the key to charting a course for political reconciliation and the restoration of Sudan's democratic transition.

The international community, including the United States, has reiterated time and again that a military solution to this conflict is not acceptable. As such, the SAF and RSF are called upon to engage in these talks with a constructive and humanitarian focus. The imperative is to save lives, de-escalate the fighting, and work towards a peaceful resolution to the conflict.

Despite a multitude of mediation efforts, largely uncoordinated and unproductive, the situation remains unresolved. International intervention has also further complicated the crisis, with various states taking sides in the conflict. In a further unsettling development, the SPLM-N rebel group has joined the fighting, breaking a ceasefire in southwestern Sudan and adding to the mounting instability that threatens the fragile peace of neighboring states.

Background: Sudan's Ongoing Conflict and the Struggle for Power

The origins of the conflict trace back to April 2023, when violent clashes erupted in the Sudanese capital of Khartoum, raising fears of a return to a full-scale civil war. The heart of the conflict lies in a power struggle between two key entities: the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF), led by General Abdel Fattah al-Burhan, and the formidable paramilitary group known as the Rapid Support Forces (RSF), with leadership under Mohamed Hamdan “Hemedti” Dagalo.

These two groups are embroiled in a bitter battle for control over the nation and its valuable resources. As the conflict deepens, humanitarian conditions have steadily deteriorated, and the once-promising prospects of a democratic transition for Sudan appear to be slipping away.

U.S. Urges Global Restraint in Sudan to Pave the Way for Peace and Democracy

The United States, in particular, calls on all external actors to refrain from contributing to the ongoing violence. The time has come for a cessation of hostilities and a return to civilian governance, enabling the Sudanese people to realize their aspirations for freedom, peace, and justice.

Sudan's recent history has been marred by instability and conflict, with humanitarian crises affecting millions of civilians. The international community is deeply concerned about the situation on the ground and is determined to alleviate the suffering of the Sudanese people. The renewed ceasefire talks represent a critical step towards achieving this goal.

As the talks progress, the international community will closely monitor the developments, looking to the SAF and RSF to demonstrate their commitment to a peaceful resolution. The world is watching, and the hope is that Sudan's path forward will be marked by reconciliation, stability, and a brighter future for its citizens.